Class 8. 9/22 The final solution
Jews from the Lodz ghetto are forced to transfer to a narrow-gauge railroad at Kolo during deportation to the Chelmno killing center. Kolo, Poland, 1942.
Engel, ch. 6, “The Transition to Killing,” 56–70, docs. 14, 16–18, 33.
Raul Hilberg, “The Bureaucracy of Annihilation Download The Bureaucracy of Annihilation,” in Unanswered Questions: Nazi Germany and the genocide of the Jews, ed. François Furet (1989), 119–133.
What are the various hypotheses explaining the mass killings that Germany began in 1941? What did German planners have to do to make the killing center plan work? What is Hilberg describing with the phrase “the bureaucracy of annihilation”?